O. Gabrielyan, I. Suleymanov
Noosphere Art: Interconditionality of Modern Science and Culture Development
A. Shvetsova
National Character as Problem of Culturological Research
O. Griva
Problems of Training of Library Experts for the Culture Sphere
E. Drevetnyak
Modern Information Technology in the Process of Socio-Cultural Transformation of Library
A. Voyevodin
Anthropological Horizon of Culture
I. Andryushchenko
The Cultural Regionalism: Searching Methodology
O. Elkan
V. Hoffman’s Culturology: "Symbolic Forms" Problems of the Twentieth Century
N. Chudina
Extreme Expressions as Catalyst of Changes in the Culture Sphere
M. Saprykina
Actual Problems of the Formation of the Theater Repertoire Policy
Yu. Fedorov
Contemporary Theater Through the Prism of the Phenomenon of Degeneracy. Part ІІ. Wrong Side of "Innovative" Stage Direction
O. Bryzhak
Holiday Calendar as a Topos of Intercultural Dialogue (on the Example of Ukrainian Festival "Obzhinki")
L. Uzunova
Navrez-Bayram: Polycultural Identity (Ethnoculturological Aspect)
N. Lykova
Phenomenon of Sacral of Holy Trinity in medieval Tavrika's mural
O. Skuridin
Hellenic Philosophers and Scientists Monuments of the Period of Late Archaic and Classics (the VII-IV Centuries BC)
K. Ignatov
Axial Age of Armenian People
V. Burova
Language Communication Problems in the Upbringing of the Student's Personality in Modern Conditions (on the Example of Classes in a Foreign Language)
Ye. Balkind
Means and Ways of Transformation of Color in the Fine Arts
A. Shvetsova
National Character as Problem of Culturological Research
The article deals with the essence of the national character as a cultural phenomenon, the historical features of the national character studies, determined the fundamental socio-cultural and psychological aspects of his understanding; clarified its capacity as the concepts and tools of cultural studies.
Particular attention is paid to cultural studies , cultural and anthropological approaches to the analysis of the national character. Analyzed the main relevant concepts. National character is defined by the concept of "human culture" - an ideal type of person represented in different versions culture determinate, reproduced in the inner world and human behavior , which is an ideal way - a guide for the formation of the personality of the individuals as representatives of the respective ethnic group. National character is a system of values, attitudes, motives, norms and behaviors, formed an appropriate national culture and provided in the related ideal personality types (projects "man of culture "). The frequency and intensity of display of certain features as an ideal type, and in particular the individual, depends on the accompanying social and historical conditions. National character is not set any unique belonging exclusively to this nation on earth. We are talking here about a different combination, the severity and prevalence of traits in appropriate circumstances and peculiarities of expression. National traits are influenced by the value system formed by a particular culture. The representative of the ethnic group sees and does what he needs to see and do, according to the requirements of the ethnic culture, which ensures its continuity.
Key words: national culture, national character, national psychology, the ideal model (type) of the individual.
O. Gryva
Problems of Training of Library Experts for the Culture Sphere
The article investigated еhe questions of training of library and information professions for the sphere of the culture. Most attention is paid to the psychological and pedagogical aspects of Library Sciences and IT professions. The focus is on such matters as professional identity and control of the professional identity formation. The author analyzes the issues related to the choice of the librarianship profession for librarian majors. For higher education institutions - these are the issues of quantity and quality of applicants, classrooms occupancy by students and predictions for their training success. Both foreign and domestic psychology attribute this success especially to the content of the motivational structures underlying the professional identity. In the context of the activity approach and humanistic education paradigm the author analyzes the social factors that influence the choice of librarianship professions by librarian majors, as well as such terms of the choice as values, needs and motives of personality underlying the choice of specialties of this sphere. The conditions influencing the choice of the librarianship profession have been represented. A number of values and needs determined by them that motivate a person to make a choice in favor of the librarianship profession are revealed.
The type of the profession has been identified. It was determined that the profession of a librarian apart from the usual correlations "human - human" and "human - sign system", also means nowadays "human - technology". The prospects for further subject research are outlined.
Key words: culture, professional identity, values, needs, motives, activity, IT and Library Sciences professions.
E. Drevetnyak
Modern Information Technology in the Process of Socio-Cultural Transformation of Library
The library has now become a social institution which combines informational and cultural components and ensures stable ties and relationships in society.
The ongoing social transformations are affecting libraries to such an extent that they are not only changing the whole system of library operations and resources but also raising a question of the “boundaries” of the library space and the very foundations underlying the traditional libraries and their functions.
Rapid development and intensive penetration of information technology into library operations is helping to adequately respond to present-day users’ information needs. Such developments are necessitating a search for new models of library development which could ensure the sustainability of the library as a social institution needed by society in the context of building an open knowledge society.
The mentioned processes of social and cultural transformation in today’s society are necessitating cardinal transformation of the very concept of the modern library and its transition onto a new level. Further development of libraries is more and more often associated with the Library 2.0 concept, which involves integrated change and modernization of library services as well as new methods and principles of interaction with its users in a present-day post-industrial society.
There are four conceptual characteristics of Library 2.0. They are user orientation, use of multimedia, social wealth and collective innovation. The best idea for Library 2.0 could be a web community with a customizable user interface, which would include a personalized electronic catalogue with added access to data, news channels, blogs, wikis, tags as well as open and closed profiles within the library network. This is a virtual reality of the library as a place where one can not only look for books and journals but also interact with the community and the librarians as well as exchange knowledge and ideas with everyone.
The modern library highlights the principle of users’ equality. Providing all users with an initial minimum of information so that they could orientate themselves in and adapt to society, it promotes consolidation rather than division of society, thereby helping to mitigate social conflicts and foster the all-round development of its users.
Key words: modern library, information technology, information space, social and cultural transformation, the functions of the library.
I. Andryushchenko
The Cultural Regionalism: Searching Methodology
The article describes the basic theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of regional culture. Certain aspects of regional studies analyzed in terms of their methodological potential.
The purpose of this article is to summarize the main theoretical approaches оf the study of regional culture and to analyze methodological problems of regionalism within the cultural studies. The problem of methodological approaches to the study of culture in the region within the framework of cultural studies is still topical. The search of a research strategy that could describe the phenomenon of regional culture in its integrity and in the aggregate of individual features is continuing in controversy between supporters of the traditional administrative-territorial zoning and vernacular or perceptual zoning.
In our opinion, the study of culture of the vernacular regions is of great interest within the cultural studies as it provides opportunities for in-depth analysis of the mental characteristics and group identity. The selection of the method of zoning is not an issue of methodology directly but it has significant impact on the research paradigm, and hence sets research results. We note only that the study of vernacular regions may also be sufficiently subjective, since the question of criteria is still open to discussion.
Another promising approach to the study of the regional culture we believe is Lotmanov’s model of semiotic analysis of a cultural text. Heuristic potential of this model is unlimited, as the repertoire of regional representations of cultural texts is very broad.
Key words: regional studies, regional culture, regional studies, methodology.
O. Elkan
V. Hoffman’s Culturology: "Symbolic Forms" Problems of the Twentieth Century
The “Junger Westen” Group: Development of Expressionism in E. Schumcher’s Work
The author tries to establish a place of creative group «Junger Westen» in the history of modern German art, to present to a wider audience Emil Schumacher, the prominent contemporary German artist, to describe his way of life, artistic credo.
The end of the war, often referred to as “a new beginning” also meant a new beginning for art, exhibitions and collecting in the Ruhr region of Germany. The “junger westen” group of artists was established in Recklinghausen in 1948. In keeping with the attitude to life engendered by the surrounding industrial area, this group of artists provided a major impetus to German post-war art right across the spectrum, from Gustav Deppe’s visual expression of industrial landscapes and the lyrical constructivism of Heinrich Siepmann to the informal painting of Thomas Grochowiak and Emil Schumacher.
World cultural thought today is aimed at creating conditions for diachronic and synchronic analysis of cultural phenomena and their interrelation and interdependence in the theoretical and artistic aspects. In particular, the culture of the twentieth century, the study of which may effectively promote the reconstruction of the artistic world famous artists, including representatives of the abstract art movement in Germany.
Establishment of «Junger Westen» and of the same award in 1948 in the north of the Ruhr area became a landmark in the history of post-war German art. The works of this period, despite the differences in art forms and media, have one thing in common: they were born of faith in the new freedom of creative expression.
Key words: German post-war art, the «Junger Westen» group, abstract expressionism, art informel.
N. Chudina
Extreme expressions as a catalyst for change in culture
The article considers and revealsthe issues of growth changes in specific areas of society: cultural in terms of impact on her extremality manifestations that more and more distributed. Thus, the study is aimed at finding the influence of extreme factors and the changes that occur in culture, the definition of its boundaries and the changes taking place in the present. Also, a study conducted in the article set to install, those phenomena that can be attributed to the extreme manifestations of cultural institutions of modern society, and the likely level and the possibility of their impact on culture change. And also to the problems related to the possibility of such effects on extreme manifestations cultural spheres to talk about them as a catalyst (ie the driving force) changes in culture.
In the study, planned the following conclusions:
First, establishing the fact that the phenomenon of culture and cultural spheres ambiguous and diverse;
Secondly, it is proved by the fact that there are many levels of culture, which is the probability of extremality manifestations;
Thirdly proverd that at this stage of social development there is a need to talk about extremality manifestations of culture and raises the need for their thorough research.
Key words: culture, sfera of culture, society, extremality manifestations, extremality.
M. Saprykina
Actual Problems of the Formation of the Theater Repertoire Policy
Study of the theatrical repertoire is the study of the theater, the audience and the social context of theatrical life.
Repertoire panorama reveals the ideological and artistic climate, theater and audience interaction most fully.
The theater repertoire in the country is a reflection of its culture, ideology and economics. The repertoire of one particular theater reflects the ideological and artistic view of the team, its creative nature.
You should clearly know the reason for including a play into the repertoire. What is the theater going to tell to its audience through this work?
The repertoire policy of modern theaters is very various. Fighting for the mass viewer and commercial success, theaters often choose poor quality plays which are nevertheless demanded by public.
What is the essence of the repertoire policy? What does attract a broad audience to the theater? What does the audience of theater excite? These questions are to become object of the analysis and studying for the theorists of theater and literature. Today, during the theatrical reforms, one of the main problems of studying of theater consists in studying of repertoire of theaters of the country, qualitative structure of the audience and their art requirements. On the one hand, theaters have no financial protection. They are compelled to follow the tastes of the viewer. But on the other hand, the theater bears responsibility for education of art taste of the audience, for education, for creation of moral ideals and formation of ethical standards of behavior.
Key words: theater repertoire, the audience, theater flow, experiment.
Yu. Fedorov
Contemporary Theater Through the Prism of the Phenomenon of Degeneracy. Part ІІ. Wrong Side of "Innovative" Stage Direction
This article is an analysis of the problems of contemporary theater through the prism of the phenomenon of degeneration (degeneration). The author uses his years of theatrical experience and scientific and medical research for the analysis of a number of directors "innovation" and "experiments". The article raises questions of personality traits theater director, his mental health and moral.
Painful (pathological) index in the creative search of some modern theater directors, theater critics experts still do not dare to mark as bionegativnye and painfully abnormal. That's why degenerative samples of contemporary theater art manifest more openly and persistently.
The author provides specific examples in which the phenomenon of degeneration manifests itself primarily on the level of dramatic texts, and then-director's incarnations. Refracted painful stage and solutions such as mentally Undercut dramatic texts distinguish: a complete lack of logical relationships and psychological relationships between the characters or their unnatural (or abnormal) nature. Next: if the topic idea and the problems of dramatic works dictated mental deformities (or perverse sexuality) the director, not the logic of storytelling heroes, we also have the right to doubt the mental sanity of creation performance. Moreover, the presence of pathological forms of physical or sexual activity between the characters, the lack of works of moral (ethical) criteria and the author's position in relation to the system he described pathological relationships heroes play unconditionally assigns similar product to the category of "degenerate drama" and "degenerative directing. "And this is just the "tip of the iceberg" hidden quests directing and "innovation" of modern theater.
Key words: people, art, theater, drama, play, director, performance, degeneration, pathology, disease, psychosexual deviation.
O. Bryzhak
Holiday Calendar as a Topos of Intercultural Dialogue (on the Example of Ukrainian Festival "Obzhinki")
The specificity of the coexistence of the peoples of the Crimea is analyzed as a complex of, on the one hand, the aspiration to ethnic and cultural identity, and on the other, the necessity of a strategy for the integration, patterns of political, economic and cultural life, and for implementation the principle of dialogue.
Calendar holidays, therefore, included in the natural, non-forced rhythm of people's lives. These holidays, in their deep structure, carry on constructive and positive meaning. They loud common work and its results, and the most important, reproduce in their stages the cycle of birth (the harvest itself) to, relatively speaking, the death (reaping), but in the name of a new life (the harvest feeds everybody for a year, and then everything will back again). Calendar holidays of different peoples, ethnic groups form a common ontological group (they are related to the same cyclical natural phenomena) and are a great soil for forming and realizing not only tolerance in all its forms, but the dialogue (polylogue) between cultures. During the holidays special structure occupying an extremely important place in the ideological, aesthetic array of popular consciousness is constructed. Mutual interest and even participating in a festive performances (based on good-neighborly, interest in the cultural processes of peoples, united by Crimea) make it possible to realize the dialogical, communicative nature of calendar holiday. On base of analyzing the Ukrainian harvest festival "Obzhynky" the author comes to a conclusion on the special cultural significance of the calendar holidays. Natural calendar adjusts life of people’s life, despite of the received chronology, religion, political collisions - everything that separates them. Studying calendar holidays makes it possible to find common points in different cultural fields, and thus to represent a topos for intercultural dialogue.
Key words: intercultural dialogue, communication, calendar holiday, Ukrainian holiday “Obzhynky”.
N. Lykova
Phenomenon of Sacral of Holy Trinity in medieval Tavrika's mural
The numerous illustrations of a troichnost arising at the same time with a formulation of a ternary doctrine known now and which had to approach human understanding to a being of the Trinity, have poetic and figurative character.
In many compositions connected with the Trinity, in particular, in books of the lake of Pavel Florensky, a number of interesting thoughts of that role which is played by triads human lives is given. Such examples, as space (three measurements), times (last, real, future), reason life too троична (the thesis, the antithesis, synthesis) are given.
It should be noted that a special role in the world play not only triads, but also a triple unity, which being shown literally everywhere. Lists of the temple of Three riders are that example of a triple unity. Three riders with nimbuses, in a military armor, with neglected on the left shoulder and fluttering raincoats, with copies in hands skip to the right, in the direction to an altar. The average rider strikes with a spear of a serpent, lateral riders hold a spear edges up. On grain of a horse of the rider next to an altar the figure of the boy keeping for onions of a saddle is represented. The known art critic E.S. Ovchinnikova explains images on a fresco of the temple of Three riders as three images St. Georgy Pobedonosts: Georgy defender, Georgy-drakonoborets and Georgy savior presented in a subject scene "A miracle with the paflagornsky adolescent rescued from captivity. According to E.S. Ovchinnikova, the fresco of Three riders of the XII-XIII centuries is created by hands of the Greek masters and is the earliest known Byzantine monument with Georgy's double miracle – "by miracle with a dragon" and "by miracle with the adolescent". On eaves under the image of three riders there is an ancient inscription in Greek, executed by black paint on a gray background: "Cut-down and painted these Saint Christoff for sincere rescue and absolution. … … . ".
From everything told follows that the Trinity – Three Saint soldiers are secret and for acceptance of this secret the belief feat is necessary. Secret it was displaced there where it and has to be – in essence of God who has embodied ideals of courage, valor, honor.
Key words: Pentecost, The Holy Trinity, Dogma.
O. Skuridin
Hellenic Philosophers and Scientists Monuments of the Period of Late Archaic and Classics (the VII-IV Centuries BC)
Monuments built in honor of the members of a social, professional (creative) of a group of ancient society, help you understand the status of this group, its influence. In this way, monument was an important symbol of the ancient society. Meanwhile, memorials, as social and cultural symbols of the ancient society have not been sufficient and comprehensive study.
The purpose of this article is to study the development of Hellenic philosophers and scientists in late archaic and classical periods (VII – IV centuries В.С.), as a symbol of worldly and political wisdom. It will help evaluate the place that was occupied by the representatives of these creative groups of monuments in the history of ancient culture, as well as a deeper understanding of the role of philosophers and scientists in an ancient society. The results obtained can be used to understand the formation of the modern European view of the monuments of the philosophers and scientists.
In antiquity, philosophers and scientists have held an important place in the Hellenic consciousness is evidenced by the numerous mentions of monuments (statues, grave monuments, constructions) in the works of ancient authors. Out of all these monuments only later copies of some of the monuments, statues of philosophers and scientists have survived. So a mention in the works of ancient authors can greatly expand our knowledge on the subject under discussion.
The emergence and development of philosophy, arts and Sciences characterized of late archaic (VII – V centuries В.С.) and Classics (V – IV centuries В.С.). In these historical periods of philosophy and human sciences are a generalization of social and political experience, and natural help to improve living conditions. Starting with the "natural philosophers" of the late archaic period, the pre-Socratics did, philosophers and scientists are gradually becoming rulers of thoughts. During this process accelerated classics: if Socrates was a tutor of the Athenian youth, and Anaxagoras-Advisor of Pericles, Plato was using the Sicilian tyrants tried to realize the project of the ideal State, Aristotle becomes the tutor of Alexander the Great. On enhancing the social value of philosophers and scientists in late archaic and classical period say numerous mentions of the monuments dedicated to them. We know the descriptions of numerous monuments of philosophers and scientists. Monuments-statues are installed in home towns, in Olympia, and graves often become the focal point of religious veneration which they surround students and citizens. In this way, monument scientist and philosophers were the undisputed symbol of worldly and political wisdom for the Hellenic consciousness as for their fellow citizens (the period of the late archaic) and for the whole of Hellas (the period of classics).
Key words: development, monuments, ancient society, late archaic and classical periods, Hellenic philosophers and scientists, symbol, worldly and political wisdom, ancient authors.
V. Burova
Language Communication Problems in the Upbringing of the Student's Personality in Modern Conditions (on the Example of Classes in a Foreign Language)
Article is devoted to the role of English in education of students at the lessоns. In the work the questions connected with cross-cultural communicative education of students are considered. In it a number of the problems connected with formation of cross-cultural competence of process of training in foreign-language communication taking into account cultural and mental distinctions of native speakers that is a necessary condition for successful dialogue of cultures is mentioned. It is emphasized that training to foreign language is directed on formation at students of ability to cross-cultural communication and promotes as understanding by them of the belonging to a certain ethnos, and acquaintance with traditions of representatives of other culture. In article it is shown that educational potential is put in training system as language communication develops and cultivates such qualities as commitment, memory and attention. It is necessary to prepare students for cross-cultural communication, to cultivate feeling of mutual understanding, the correct relation to true values, to respect the country and the people of a studied foreign language, its culture and traditions.
The process of social education of students of university is the object of this article.
Problems of language communication, education of the personality found reflection in S. Sorti, E.I.Passov, G. D. Tomakhin, , V. G. Kostomarov’works
The analysis of special literature by a technique and practice of teaching allows to make a conclusion that full using of educational and developing potential of discipline "Foreign language" creates a strong basis for formation of the creative intelligent person, capable to take active part in cultural development of society
In this work the topical issues connected with education of students to bases of language communication on classes in a foreign language were considered.
Each lesson of a foreign language, each foreign word reflects the world and culture of the country of studied language: behind each word there is an idea caused by national consciousness of the world.
Key words: language communication, cross-cultural communication, tolerance, culture, educational potential, commitment, memory and attention